The growth of bottled water market is drawn from the failure of the governments to provide clean drinking water to the citizens and the increase in demand for clean water due to environmental pollution. Water is bottled all over the world. Quality bottled water, taken from pure natural sources, such as melting glaciers, costs between 2-10 Euros per liter, which is more expensive than, for example, petrol. In India, bottled water is available for 10 Rs. Per litre usually presented as purified water. What does it mean – purified?

It is widely understood that there is only one sure way of deeply purifying water – the so called “reverse osmosis” process, in which water is pressed through the smallest membranes, which tear off from water practically all dissolved salts and other substances, both useful and harmful. The result of such purification is distilled or almost distilled water. Reverse osmosis and widely used ion-exchange resins remove from water not only harmful but also useful impurities, in particular, calcium ions, potassium ions, iodine ions, microelements, etc. Water depleted in such constituents is not useful, moreover, it is harmful. The semi-permeable membrane used in reverse osmosis contains tiny pores through which water can flow. The small pores in the membrane block particles of large molecular structure like salt. These pores are also restrictive to bacteria and disease causing pathogens. Thus, reverse osmosis is incredibly effective at desalinating water and providing mineral-free water for use in photo or print shops. It is also effective at providing pathogen-free water. In areas not receiving municipally treated water or at particular risk of waterborne diseases, reverse osmosis is an ideal process of contaminant removal.

The reverse osmosis process contains several downsides which make it an inefficient and ineffective means of purifying drinking water. The The small pores of this membrane are restrictive to such organic compounds as salt and other natural minerals, which generally have a larger molecular composition than water, but more dangerous chemicals like pesticides, herbicides, and chlorine are molecularly smaller than water. These chemicals can freely pass through the porous membrane. For this reason, a carbon filter must be used as a complimentary measure to provide safe drinking water from the reverse osmosis process. Such chemicals are the major contaminants of drinking water after municipal treatment. Another downside to reverse osmosis as a method of purifying drinking water is the removal of healthy, naturally occurring minerals in water. The membrane of a reverse osmosis system is impermeable to natural trace minerals. These minerals not only provide a good taste to water, but they also serve a vital function in the body’s system. Water, when stripped of these trace minerals, can actually be unhealthy for the body. Reverse osmosis also wastes a large portion of the water that runs through its system. It generally wastes two to three gallons of water for every gallon of purified water it produces. Reverse osmosis is also an incredibly slow process when compared to other water treatment alternatives.

 

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